Electronic Data Processing(E.D.P)

Electronic Data Processing(E.D.P)

If you are here to know about Electronic Data Processing(E.D.P) and examples or electronic data capture  then you are on right place.

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                                  (EDP) will discuss with the employment of machine-controlled strategies to process business knowledge. Typically, this uses comparatively easy, repetitive activities to method giant volumes of comparable data. For example: stock updates applied to a listing, banking transactions applied to account and client master files, booking associated ticketing transactions to an airline's reservation system, charge for utility services. The modifier "electronic" or "automatic" was used with "data processing" (DP), particularly c. 1960, to differentiate human clerical processing from that done by laptop artificer then at the U.S. bureau devised a tabulating system that enclosed cards (Hollerith card, later Punched card), a punch for holes in them representing knowledge, a calculating machine and a sorter. The system was tested in computing mortality statistics for the town of metropolis. within the 1st business electronic processing Herman Hollerith machines were wont to compile the info accumulated within the 1890 U.S. Census of population. Hollerith's Tabulating Machine Company incorporated with 2 alternative corporations to create the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company, later renamed IBM. The punch-card and tabulation machine business remained the core of electronic processing till the appearance of electronic computing within the Nineteen Fifties (which then still untired on punch cards for storing information). the primary business business laptop was developed within the uk in 1951, by the J. Lyons and Co. line organization. This was referred to as the 'Lyons Electronic Office' – or LEO for brief. it absolutely was developed any and used wide throughout the Nineteen Sixties and early Nineteen Seventies. (Lyons shaped a separate company to develop the LEO computers and this afterward incorporated to create English electrical Leo electrical engineer and so International Computers restricted. By the tip of the Nineteen Fifties card makers, Hollerith, Powers-Samas, IBM et al, were additionally selling associate array of computers. Early business systems were put in completely by giant organizations. These may afford to speculate the time and capital necessary to get hardware, rent specialist employees to develop custom-made package and go through the ensuing (and typically unexpected) structure and cultural changes.

At first, individual organizations developed their own package, together with knowledge management utilities, themselves. completely different merchandise may also have 'one-off' custom-made package. This fragmented approach light-emitting diode to duplicated effort and therefore the production of management data required manual effort.

High hardware prices and comparatively slow process speeds forced developers to use resources 'efficiently'. knowledge storage formats were heavily compacted, for instance. a typical example is that the removal of the century from dates, that eventually light-emitting diode to the 'millennium bug.

Data input needed intermediate process via punched paper or card and separate input to a repetitive, effortful task, aloof from user management and erring. Invalid or incorrect knowledge required correction and resubmission with consequences for knowledge and account reconciliation.

Data storage was strictly serial on paper, and so later to magnetic tape: the employment of knowledge storage inside without delay accessible memory wasn't cost-efficient till magnetic disc drives were 1st fabricated and started shipping in 1957. vital developments passed off in 1959 with IBM saying the 1401 laptop and in 1962 with ICT (International Computers & Tabulators) creating delivery of the ICT 1301. Like all machines throughout this point the processor at the side of the peripherals – tape drives, disks drives, drums, printers and card and paper input and output needed substantial house in specially created air conditioned accommodation. typically elements of the card installation, specifically sorters, were preserved to gift the cardboard input to the pc in an exceedingly pre-sort kind that reduced the interval concerned in sorting giant amounts of knowledge.

Data processing facilities became out there to smaller organizations within the variety of the pc services bureau. These offered process of specific applications e.g. payroll and were typically a prelude to the acquisition of customers' own computers. Organizations used these facilities for testing programs whereas awaiting the arrival of their own machine.

These initial machines were delivered to customers with restricted package. the planning employees was divided into 2 teams. Systems analysts created a systems specification and programmers translated the specification into machine language.

Literature on computers and automatic data processing was distributed and principally obtained through articles showing in occupation publications and material provided by the instrumentality makers. the primary issue of the pc Journal printed by nation laptop Society appeared in middle 1958. the united kingdom occupation Body currently named The Association of hired Certified Accountants shaped associate Electronic processing Committee in July 1958 with the aim of informing its members of the opportunities created by the pc. The Committee created its 1st pamphlet in 1959, associate Introduction to Electronic Computers. additionally in 1958 The Institute of hired Accountants in European country and Wales created a paper Accounting by Electronic strategies. The notes show what is also doable and therefore the potential implications of employing a laptop.

Progressive organizations tried to travel on the far side the straight systems transfer from card instrumentality and unit accounting machines to the pc, to manufacturing accounts to the balance stage and integrated management data systems. New procedures redesigned the means paper flowed, modified structure structures, demanded a rethink of the means data was bestowed to management and challenged the inner management principles adopted by the designers of accounting systems. however the total realization of those advantages had to wait the arrival of future generation of computers.